| Name | Occupation | Birth | Death | Known for |
| Alexei A. Abrikosov |
Physicist |
25-Jun-1928 |
|
Particle physicist, explored superconductivity |
| Sergei Averintsev |
Author |
10-Dec-1937 |
21-Feb-2004 |
Myth of the Peoples of the World |
| Nikolay G. Basov |
Physicist |
14-Dec-1922 |
1-Jul-2001 |
Invention of the maser and laser |
| Ilya M. Frank |
Physicist |
23-Oct-1908 |
22-Jun-1990 |
Cherenkov radiation |
| Israel Gelfand |
Mathematician |
2-Sep-1913 |
5-Oct-2009 |
Banach algebras, Lie groups |
| Raisa Gorbachev |
First Lady |
5-Jan-1932 |
20-Sep-1999 |
First Lady of the Soviet Union |
| Lev Landau |
Physicist |
22-Jan-1908 |
1-Apr-1968 |
Superfluidity of helium |
| Alexander Luria |
Psychologist |
16-Jul-1902 |
14-Aug-1977 |
Pioneer of neuropsychology |
| Nikolay Semyonov |
Chemist |
15-Apr-1896 |
25-Sep-1986 |
Combustion, explosions, and chemical kinetics |
| Iosif S. Shklovskii |
Astronomer |
1-Jul-1916 |
3-Mar-1985 |
Synchrotron radiation of the Crab Nebula |
| Igor Y. Tamm |
Physicist |
8-Jul-1895 |
12-Apr-1971 |
Cherenkov radiation |
| Andrei Vyshinsky |
Government |
10-Dec-1883 |
22-Nov-1954 |
Soviet Prosecutor General during the Great Purge |