| Samuel C. Collins AKA Samuel Cornette Collins Born: 28-Dec-1898
Birthplace: Democrat, KY
Died: 19-Jun-1984
Location of death: Washington, DC
Cause of death: unspecified
Gender: Male
Race or Ethnicity: White
Occupation: Chemist, Inventor Nationality: United States
Executive summary: Collins-type cryocooler At MIT in 1946, Samuel C. Collins designed and constructed the Collins Helium Cryostat, the first practical helium liquefier. The machine, a two-cylinder engine with the cold exhaust from one cylinder cooling the intake gas of the other cylinder, allowed the production of liquid helium without external coolants, and enabled affordable experiments in temperatures descending to near absolute zero. Within a decade more than 200 of the machines were installed in laboratories worldwide. Collins also invented a device for producing high purity oxygen, and an early heart-lung machine used in emergency and rescue operations. University: BS, University of Tennessee (1920)
University: MS, University of Tennessee (1924)
University: PhD, University of North Carolina (1927)
Teacher: Carson-Newman College
Teacher: University of Tennessee
Teacher: East Tennessee State University
Teacher: University of North Carolina
Teacher: Physical Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1930-41)
Teacher: Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1941-49)
Professor: Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1949-84)
Administrator: Director, Cryogenic Engineering Laboratory, MIT (1949-84)
ASME Medal 1968
Rumford Prize 1965
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
National Academy of Sciences 1969
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Author of books:
Expansion Machines for Low Temperature Processes (1958, with Richard Lee Cannaday)
Means for Producing and Maintaining Very Low Temperatures (1958)
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