| Name | Occupation | Birth | Death | Known for |
|---|
| Edward P. Abraham |
Chemist |
10-Jun-1913 |
8-May-1999 |
Cephalosporins |
| Peter Ackroyd |
Author |
5-Oct-1949 |
|
The Great Fire of London |
| Walter S. Adams |
Astronomer |
20-Dec-1876 |
11-May-1956 |
Long-time director of Mt Wilson Observatory |
| Edgar Adrian |
Scientist |
30-Nov-1889 |
4-Aug-1977 |
Electricity within nerve cells |
| Louis Agassiz |
Paleontologist |
28-May-1807 |
14-Dec-1873 |
Ichthyologist at Harvard |
| George Biddell Airy |
Astronomer |
27-Jul-1801 |
2-Jan-1892 |
British Astronomer Royal |
| John Anderson |
Politician |
8-Jul-1882 |
4-Jan-1958 |
Chancellor of the Exchequer, 1943-45 |
| Philip W. Anderson |
Physicist |
13-Dec-1923 |
|
Solid state physics |
| Anders Jonas Ångström |
Physicist |
13-Aug-1814 |
21-Jun-1874 |
Founder of spectroscopy |
| John Arbuthnot |
Doctor |
1667 |
27-Feb-1735 |
Scriblerus Club |
| Svante Arrhenius |
Chemist |
19-Feb-1859 |
2-Oct-1927 |
Explored electrolytic conductivity |
| Francis W. Aston |
Chemist |
1-Sep-1877 |
20-Nov-1945 |
Invented the mass spectograph |
| Michael Atiyah |
Mathematician |
22-Apr-1929 |
|
Atiyah-Singer index theorem |
| David Attenborough |
Naturalist |
8-May-1926 |
|
Life on Earth |
| Clement Attlee |
Head of State |
3-Jan-1883 |
8-Oct-1967 |
UK Prime Minister, 1945-51 |
| John Aubrey |
Historian |
12-Mar-1626 |
7-Jun-1697 |
English antiquary |
| Charles Babbage |
Mathematician |
26-Dec-1791 |
18-Oct-1871 |
Inventor of the Difference Engine |
| Harold D. Babcock |
Astronomer |
24-Jan-1882 |
8-Apr-1968 |
Solar radiation |
| Sir Benjamin Baker |
Engineer |
31-Mar-1840 |
19-May-1907 |
Bridged the Firth of Forth |
| David Baltimore |
Biologist |
7-Mar-1938 |
|
Co-Discoverer, reverse transcriptase |
| Sir Joseph Banks |
Botanist |
13-Feb-1743 |
19-Jun-1820 |
Accompanied James Cook |
| Charles Glover Barkla |
Physicist |
7-Jun-1877 |
23-Oct-1944 |
X-Ray scattering |
| Derek Barton |
Chemist |
8-Sep-1918 |
16-Mar-1998 |
Conformational analysis |
| David Bates |
Astronomer |
18-Nov-1916 |
5-Jan-1994 |
Atmospheric and interstellar physics |
| Thomas Bayes |
Mathematician |
1701 |
7-Apr-1761 |
Bayes' theorem |
| William Bayliss |
Doctor |
2-May-1860 |
27-Aug-1924 |
Co-Discovered hormones |
| Sir Charles Bell |
Doctor |
Nov-1774 |
28-Apr-1842 |
New Idea of Anatomy of the Brain |
| John Stewart Bell |
Physicist |
28-Jun-1928 |
1-Oct-1990 |
Bell's theorem of quantum physics |
| Richard Bentley |
Critic |
27-Jan-1662 |
14-Jul-1742 |
Reformed classical scholarship |
| Paul Berg |
Chemist |
30-Jun-1926 |
|
Pioneer in recombinant DNA |
| J. D. Bernal |
Physicist |
10-May-1901 |
15-Sep-1971 |
X-ray crystallography |
| Tim Berners-Lee |
Computer Programmer |
8-Jun-1955 |
|
Inventor of the World Wide Web |
| Henry Bessemer |
Inventor |
19-Jan-1813 |
15-Mar-1898 |
Bessemer process to manufacture steel |
| Hans Bethe |
Physicist |
2-Jul-1906 |
6-Mar-2005 |
Atomic scientist |
| Robert J. Birgeneau |
Educator |
1942 |
|
Chancellor, UC Berkeley |
| James W. Black |
Scientist |
14-Jun-1924 |
|
Propranolol and cimetidine |
| Patrick M. S. Blackett |
Physicist |
18-Nov-1897 |
13-Jul-1974 |
Studied cosmic radiation |
| Brebis Bleaney |
Physicist |
6-Jun-1915 |
4-Nov-2006 |
Electron paramagnetic resonance |
| William Bligh |
Military |
9-Sep-1754 |
6-Dec-1817 |
Captain of the Bounty |
| Konrad Bloch |
Scientist |
21-Jan-1912 |
15-Oct-2000 |
Cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism |
| David Bohm |
Physicist |
20-Dec-1917 |
29-Oct-1992 |
Particle physicist |
| Alec Boksenberg |
Astronomer |
18-Mar-1936 |
|
Image Photon Counting System |
| John G. Bolton |
Astronomer |
5-Jun-1922 |
6-Jul-1993 |
First Director of Parkes Observatory |
| Charles Bonnet |
Naturalist |
13-Mar-1720 |
20-May-1793 |
Discovered parthenogenesis |
| George Boole |
Mathematician |
2-Nov-1815 |
8-Dec-1864 |
Inventor of Boolean Algebra |
| Jules Bordet |
Scientist |
13-Jun-1870 |
6-Apr-1961 |
Researched antibodies and antigens |
| Gutzon Borglum |
Sculptor |
25-Mar-1867 |
6-Mar-1941 |
Mount Rushmore |
| Ruggero Giuseppe Boscovich |
Astronomer |
18-May-1711 |
13-Feb-1787 |
Theoria philosophiae naturalis |
| Matthew Boulton |
Business |
3-Sep-1728 |
17-Aug-1809 |
Financed the early steam engine |
| Nathaniel Bowditch |
Astronomer |
26-Mar-1773 |
17-Mar-1838 |
American Practical Navigator |
| Sir John Bowring |
Author |
17-Oct-1792 |
23-Nov-1872 |
4th Governor of Hong Kong |
| George Box |
Mathematician |
18-Oct-1919 |
|
Statistician at University of Wisconsin |
| Robert Boyle |
Chemist |
25-Jan-1627 |
30-Dec-1691 |
Pioneer of modern chemistry |
| James Bradley |
Astronomer |
1693 |
13-Jul-1762 |
Aberration of Light |
| Lawrence Bragg |
Physicist |
31-Mar-1890 |
1-Jul-1971 |
Bragg's Law of diffraction |
| William Bragg |
Physicist |
2-Jul-1862 |
12-Mar-1942 |
Analyzed crystal structures |
| Sydney Brenner |
Scientist |
13-Jan-1927 |
|
Genetic regulation of organ development |
| Percy Williams Bridgman |
Physicist |
21-Apr-1882 |
20-Aug-1961 |
Investigated high pressure physics |
| Louis de Broglie |
Physicist |
15-Aug-1892 |
19-Mar-1987 |
Discovered the wave nature of electrons |
| Ernest W. Brown |
Astronomer |
29-Nov-1866 |
22-Jul-1938 |
Tables of the Motion of the Moon |
| R. Hanbury Brown |
Astronomer |
31-Aug-1916 |
16-Jan-2002 |
Optical intensity interferometer |
| Robert Brown |
Botanist |
21-Dec-1773 |
10-Jun-1858 |
Brownian motion |
| Stanley Bruce |
Head of State |
15-Apr-1883 |
25-Aug-1967 |
Prime Minister of Australia, 1923-29 |
| Isambard Kingdom Brunel |
Engineer |
9-Apr-1806 |
15-Sep-1859 |
Chief engineer of the Great Western Railway |
| William Buckland |
Geologist |
12-Mar-1784 |
15-Aug-1856 |
Reliquiae Diluvianae |
| Edward Bullard |
Physicist |
21-Sep-1907 |
3-Apr-1980 |
Continental drift, magnetic fields |
| E. Margaret Burbidge |
Astronomer |
12-Aug-1919 |
|
Synthesis of the elements in stars |
| Geoffrey Burbidge |
Astronomer |
24-Sep-1925 |
|
Quasi-steady state cosmology |
| Frank Macfarlane Burnet |
Scientist |
3-Sep-1899 |
31-Aug-1985 |
Acquired immunological tolerance |
| George Busk |
Doctor |
12-Aug-1807 |
10-Aug-1886 |
British surgeon and zoologist |
| Adolf Butenandt |
Chemist |
24-Mar-1903 |
18-Jan-1995 |
Research in sex hormones |
| Santiago Ramón y Cajal |
Doctor |
1-May-1852 |
17-Oct-1934 |
Structure of the nervous system |
| Melvin Calvin |
Chemist |
8-Apr-1911 |
8-Jan-1997 |
Deciphered photosynthesis |
| William W. Campbell |
Astronomer |
11-Apr-1862 |
14-Jun-1938 |
Stellar Motions |
| Frederick Carder |
Artist |
18-Sep-1863 |
10-Dec-1963 |
"Aurene" glass artist |
| Élie Cartan |
Mathematician |
9-Apr-1869 |
6-May-1951 |
Spinor groups |
| Henri Cartan |
Mathematician |
8-Jul-1904 |
13-Aug-2008 |
Leader of the math Bourbakistes |
| Henry Cavendish |
Chemist |
10-Oct-1731 |
24-Feb-1810 |
Discovered hydrogen |
| James Chadwick |
Physicist |
20-Oct-1891 |
24-Jul-1974 |
Discovered the neutron |
| Ernst B. Chain |
Scientist |
19-Jun-1906 |
12-Aug-1979 |
Discovered penicillin |
| Sydney Chapman |
Mathematician |
29-Jan-1888 |
16-Jun-1970 |
Geomagnetism |
| John Charnley |
Doctor |
29-Aug-1912 |
5-Aug-1982 |
Hip replacement surgery |
| Michel-Eugène Chevreul |
Chemist |
31-Aug-1786 |
9-Apr-1889 |
Chemistry of fats, dyes |
| Charles Chree |
Astronomer |
5-May-1860 |
12-Aug-1928 |
Geomagnetic phenomena |
| A. J. Clark |
Scientist |
19-Aug-1885 |
30-Jul-1941 |
Drug responses |
| John Clarke |
Physicist |
10-Feb-1942 |
|
Superconducting quantum interference |
| William Cochran |
Physicist |
30-Jul-1922 |
28-Aug-2003 |
Crystallography |
| Christopher Cockerell |
Inventor |
4-Jun-1910 |
1-Jun-1999 |
Hovercraft |
| John Conway |
Mathematician |
26-Dec-1937 |
|
Game of Life |
| James Cook |
Explorer |
27-Oct-1728 |
14-Feb-1779 |
Explorer of the South Pacific |
| Carl Cori |
Scientist |
5-Dec-1896 |
20-Oct-1984 |
Catalytic conversion of glycogen |
| E. J. H. Corner |
Botanist |
12-Jan-1906 |
14-Sep-1996 |
Durian theory |
| John Cornforth |
Chemist |
7-Sep-1917 |
|
Stereochemistry of enzyme-catalysts |
| Alan Cottrell |
Scientist |
17-Jul-1919 |
|
Metallurgist at Cambridge |
| Thomas George Cowling |
Mathematician |
17-Jun-1906 |
16-Jun-1990 |
Cowling model |
| Sir William Crookes |
Chemist |
17-Jun-1832 |
4-Apr-1919 |
Discovered element Thallium |
| Harvey Cushing |
Doctor |
8-Apr-1869 |
7-Oct-1939 |
Cushing's Syndrome |
| Henry Dale |
Scientist |
9-Jun-1875 |
23-Jul-1968 |
Acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter |
| Richard Dalitz |
Physicist |
28-Feb-1925 |
13-Jan-2006 |
Dalitz pairs and Dalitz plots |
| John Dalton |
Chemist |
6-Sep-1766 |
27-Jul-1844 |
Early proponent of Atomic Theory |
| George Darwin |
Astronomer |
9-Jul-1845 |
7-Dec-1912 |
Evolution of the Sun-Earth-Moon system |
| Humphry Davy |
Chemist |
17-Dec-1778 |
29-May-1829 |
Leading early 19th century chemist |
| Richard Dawkins |
Biologist |
26-Mar-1941 |
|
Zoologist and evolutionary biologist |
| John William Dawson |
Geologist |
30-Oct-1820 |
20-Nov-1899 |
Air Breathers of the Coal Period |
| Henry de la Beche |
Geologist |
1796 |
13-Apr-1855 |
Created first Geologic Survey |
| Michael DeBakey |
Doctor |
7-Sep-1908 |
11-Jul-2008 |
Pioneering heart surgeon |
| Peter Debye |
Chemist |
24-Mar-1884 |
2-Nov-1966 |
Studied molecular structure, dipoles |
| Martin R. Delany |
Activist |
6-May-1812 |
24-Jan-1885 |
Black nationalist |
| Max Delbrück |
Scientist |
4-Sep-1906 |
10-Mar-1981 |
Molecular structure of viral genes (phages) |
| Joseph-Nicolas Delisle |
Astronomer |
4-Apr-1688 |
11-Sep-1768 |
Founded St. Petersburg observatory |
| Jean-André Deluc |
Geologist |
8-Feb-1727 |
7-Nov-1817 |
Lettres... sur les montagnes |
| Henri Alexandre Deslandres |
Astronomer |
24-Jul-1853 |
15-Jan-1948 |
Spectroheliograph |
| Kenelm Digby |
Scientist |
11-Jul-1603 |
11-Jun-1665 |
Founding member of the Royal Society |
| Paul Dirac |
Physicist |
8-Aug-1902 |
20-Oct-1984 |
The Principles of Quantum Mechanics |
| Jeremiah Dixon |
Astronomer |
7-Aug-1733 |
22-Jan-1777 |
Mason-Dixon Line |
| T. G. Dobzhansky |
Scientist |
25-Jan-1900 |
18-Dec-1975 |
Genetics and the Origin of Species |
| E. C. Dodds |
Scientist |
13-Oct-1899 |
16-Dec-1973 |
Diethylstilbestrol |
| John Dollond |
Physicist |
10-Jun-1706 |
30-Nov-1761 |
Invented achromatic lenses |
| Gerhard Domagk |
Scientist |
30-Oct-1895 |
24-Apr-1964 |
Sulfa drugs for strep, stapf infections |
| John Dryden |
Poet |
19-Aug-1631 |
1-May-1700 |
Absalom and Achitophel |
| William Duddell |
Physicist |
1872 |
4-Nov-1917 |
Electronic music |
| Frank W. Dyson |
Astronomer |
8-Jan-1868 |
25-May-1939 |
Six pips on the BBC |
| Freeman Dyson |
Physicist |
15-Dec-1923 |
|
Theoretical physicist at Princeton |
| John Eccles |
Scientist |
27-Jan-1903 |
2-May-1997 |
Membrane potential of nerves |
| Arthur Eddington |
Astronomer |
28-Dec-1882 |
22-Nov-1944 |
Eddington luminosity |
| Peter P. Edwards |
Chemist |
1949 |
|
Metal-non-metal transition |
| Geoffrey Eglinton |
Geologist |
1-Nov-1927 |
|
Molecular organic geochemistry |
| Willem Einthoven |
Scientist |
21-May-1860 |
28-Sep-1927 |
Invented the electrocardiograph |
| Gertrude B. Elion |
Scientist |
23-Jan-1918 |
21-Feb-1999 |
Developed medicines for leukemia, herpes, AIDS |
| Charles Elton |
Scientist |
29-Mar-1900 |
1-May-1991 |
Animal Ecology |
| Martin Evans |
Scientist |
1-Jan-1941 |
|
Embryonic stem cells |
| John Evelyn |
Author |
31-Oct-1620 |
27-Feb-1706 |
English diarist |
| George Everest |
Explorer |
4-Jul-1790 |
1-Dec-1866 |
Namesake of Mt. Everest |
| Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti |
Business |
9-Apr-1864 |
13-Jan-1930 |
England's electrical grid |
| Richard Feynman |
Physicist |
11-May-1918 |
15-Feb-1988 |
Surely he's joking |
| George Finch |
Chemist |
4-Aug-1888 |
22-Nov-1970 |
Oxygen for mountain climbing |
| Ronald Fisher |
Mathematician |
17-Feb-1890 |
29-Jul-1962 |
Analysis of variance and covariance |
| Martin Fleischmann |
Chemist |
29-Mar-1927 |
|
Cold fusion crank |
| Alexander Fleming |
Scientist |
6-Aug-1881 |
11-Mar-1955 |
Discovered penicillin |
| Howard Florey |
Scientist |
24-Sep-1898 |
21-Feb-1968 |
Discovered penicillin |
| William Edward Forster |
Politician |
11-Jul-1818 |
5-Apr-1886 |
Chief Secretary for Ireland, 1880-82 |
| Richard Fortey |
Paleontologist |
1946 |
|
Trilobites and graptolites |
| Léon Foucault |
Physicist |
19-Sep-1819 |
11-Feb-1868 |
Measured the speed of light |
| Alfred Fowler |
Astronomer |
22-Mar-1868 |
24-Jun-1940 |
Celestial spectroscopy |
| Peter Fowler |
Physicist |
27-Feb-1923 |
8-Nov-1996 |
Cosmic radiation |
| Benjamin Franklin |
Diplomat |
17-Jan-1706 |
17-Apr-1790 |
American founding father |
| T. R. Fraser |
Scientist |
5-Feb-1841 |
4-Jan-1920 |
Made poison and venom into medicine |
| Augustin-Jean Fresnel |
Physicist |
10-May-1788 |
14-Jul-1827 |
Optician, invented Fresnel lens |
| Otto Robert Frisch |
Physicist |
1-Oct-1904 |
22-Sep-1979 |
Described fission |
| Kenichi Fukui |
Chemist |
4-Oct-1918 |
9-Jan-1998 |
Frontier orbitals |
| Dennis Gabor |
Physicist |
5-Jun-1900 |
8-Feb-1979 |
Inventor of holography |
| Francis Galton |
Anthropologist |
16-Feb-1822 |
17-Jan-1911 |
Word Association Test |
| Herbert S. Gasser |
Scientist |
5-Jul-1888 |
11-May-1963 |
Nerve conduction |
| Pierre-Gilles de Gennes |
Physicist |
24-Oct-1932 |
18-May-2007 |
Molecular structure of polymers |
| Roy J. Glauber |
Physicist |
1-Sep-1925 |
|
Quantum optics |
| Kurt Gödel |
Mathematician |
28-Apr-1906 |
14-Jan-1978 |
Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems |
| Thomas Gold |
Scientist |
22-May-1920 |
22-Jun-2004 |
Certain that oil is not a fossil fuel |
| Joseph L. Goldstein |
Scientist |
18-Apr-1940 |
|
Hypercholesterolemia and cell metabolism |
| Ragnar Granit |
Scientist |
30-Oct-1900 |
31-Mar-1990 |
Physiology of the retina |
| Richard Gregory |
Psychologist |
24-Jul-1923 |
|
Optical illusions and "hands-on" science |
| Ernest Howard Griffiths |
Physicist |
15-Jun-1851 |
3-Mar-1932 |
The Thermal Measurement of Energy |
| Stephen Groombridge |
Astronomer |
7-Jan-1755 |
30-Mar-1832 |
A Catalogue of Circumpolar Stars |
| Jacques-Salomon Hadamard |
Mathematician |
8-Dec-1865 |
17-Oct-1963 |
Prime number theorem |
| John Scott Haldane |
Doctor |
3-May-1860 |
14-Mar-1936 |
Breathing regulated by CO2 |
| Stephen Hales |
Scientist |
7-Sep-1677 |
4-Jan-1761 |
Statical Essays |
| Albrecht von Haller |
Doctor |
16-Oct-1708 |
12-Dec-1777 |
Elementa Physiologiae Corporis Humani |
| Edmund Halley |
Astronomer |
8-Nov-1656 |
14-Jan-1742 |
Predicted return of Halley's Comet |
| Christopher Hansteen |
Astronomer |
26-Sep-1784 |
15-Apr-1873 |
Studied terrestrial magnetism |
| Arthur Harden |
Chemist |
12-Oct-1865 |
17-Jun-1940 |
Enzymes of sugar fermentation |
| G. H. Hardy |
Mathematician |
7-Feb-1877 |
1-Dec-1947 |
A Mathematician's Apology |
| William Snow Harris |
Physicist |
1-Apr-1791 |
22-Jan-1867 |
Invented a lightning rod for ships |
| Ross Granville Harrison |
Zoologist |
13-Jan-1870 |
30-Sep-1959 |
Embryology and tissue culture techniques |
| Haldan K. Hartline |
Scientist |
22-Dec-1903 |
17-Mar-1983 |
Physiology of the retina |
| Stephen Hawking |
Physicist |
8-Jan-1942 |
|
Wheelchair-bound physicist |
| Norman Haworth |
Chemist |
19-Mar-1883 |
19-Mar-1950 |
The Constitution of Sugars |
| Werner Heisenberg |
Physicist |
5-Dec-1901 |
1-Feb-1976 |
Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle |
| John Herschel |
Astronomer |
7-Mar-1792 |
11-May-1871 |
Discovered many moons of Saturn |
| Gerhard Herzberg |
Chemist |
25-Dec-1904 |
3-Mar-1999 |
Molecular spectroscopy |
| George de Hevesy |
Chemist |
1-Aug-1885 |
5-Jul-1966 |
Radioisotope researcher |
| Raymond Hide |
Geologist |
17-May-1929 |
|
Earth's rotation |
| Peter Higgs |
Physicist |
29-May-1929 |
|
Higgs boson and Higgs field |
| Archibald V. Hill |
Scientist |
26-Sep-1886 |
3-Jun-1977 |
Studied muscles and nerves |
| George W. Hill |
Astronomer |
3-Mar-1838 |
16-Apr-1914 |
A New Theorie of Jupiter and Saturn |
| Rowland Hill |
Inventor |
3-Dec-1795 |
27-Aug-1879 |
Invented the postage stamp |
| Sir Cyril Hinshelwood |
Chemist |
19-Jun-1897 |
9-Oct-1967 |
The Kinetics of Chemical Change |
| Peter B. Hirsch |
Scientist |
16-Jan-1925 |
|
Electron microscopy in metallurgy |
| Alan L. Hodgkin |
Scientist |
5-Feb-1914 |
20-Dec-1998 |
Electrical impulses in nerves |
| Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin |
Chemist |
12-May-1910 |
29-Jul-1994 |
Determined structure of Vitamin B12 |
| Roald Hoffmann |
Chemist |
18-Jul-1937 |
|
Woodward-Hoffmann reaction |
| William Holder |
Musicologist |
1616 |
24-Jan-1698 |
Music theorist |
| Robert Hooke |
Scientist |
18-Jul-1635 |
3-Mar-1703 |
Law of Elasticity, microscopist |
| Joseph Dalton Hooker |
Botanist |
30-Jun-1817 |
10-Dec-1911 |
Genera Plantarum |
| Frederick Hopkins |
Scientist |
20-Jun-1861 |
16-May-1947 |
Discovered vitamins |
| Leonard Horner |
Geologist |
17-Jan-1785 |
5-Mar-1864 |
Scottish geologist, educator |
| Godfrey N. Hounsfield |
Engineer |
28-Aug-1919 |
12-Aug-2004 |
Computerized axial tomography (CAT scans) |
| Fred Hoyle |
Astronomer |
24-Jun-1915 |
20-Aug-2001 |
Steady-state universe |
| William Huggins |
Astronomer |
7-Feb-1824 |
12-May-1910 |
Spectrographic astronomy pioneer |
| Tim Hunt |
Scientist |
19-Feb-1943 |
|
Regulators of cell cycle |
| John Hunter |
Doctor |
13-Feb-1728 |
16-Oct-1793 |
English pathologist |
| Julian Huxley |
Biologist |
22-Jun-1887 |
14-Feb-1975 |
Evolutionary biologist |
| Thomas Henry Huxley |
Scientist |
24-May-1825 |
29-Jun-1895 |
Debated Wilberforce over evolution |
| Christiaan Huygens |
Physicist |
14-Apr-1629 |
8-Jul-1695 |
Wave theory of light |
| Sir James Ivory |
Mathematician |
17-Feb-1765 |
21-Sep-1842 |
Ivory's Theorem |
| Henry B. Jackson |
Military |
21-Jan-1855 |
14-Dec-1929 |
Radio telegraphy |
| François Jacob |
Scientist |
17-Jun-1920 |
|
Operon theory of genetic control |
| Edward Jenner |
Doctor |
17-May-1749 |
26-Jan-1823 |
Smallpox Vaccination |
| Niels K. Jerne |
Scientist |
23-Dec-1911 |
7-Oct-1994 |
Immune theory (anti-antibody) |
| Harold Spencer Jones |
Astronomer |
29-Mar-1890 |
3-Nov-1960 |
10th Royal Astronomer of England |
| Brian D. Josephson |
Physicist |
4-Jan-1940 |
|
Discovered the Josephson Effect |
| James Prescott Joule |
Physicist |
24-Dec-1818 |
11-Oct-1889 |
English physicist, Joule's Law |
| Pyotr Kapitsa |
Physicist |
8-Jul-1894 |
8-Apr-1984 |
Discovered superfluidity |
| Jacobus C. Kapteyn |
Astronomer |
19-Jan-1851 |
18-Jan-1922 |
Star streaming |
| Theodore von Kármán |
Mathematician |
11-May-1881 |
7-May-1963 |
Kármán vortices |
| Paul Karrer |
Chemist |
21-Apr-1889 |
18-Jun-1971 |
Studied pigments, beta-carotene, etc. |
| Bernard Katz |
Scientist |
26-Mar-1911 |
20-Apr-2003 |
Neurotransmitters and the pineal gland |
| Ephraim Katzir |
Head of State |
16-May-1916 |
|
President of Israel, 1973-78 |
| Lord Kelvin |
Physicist |
26-Jun-1824 |
17-Dec-1907 |
Illustrated 2nd Law of Thermodynamics |
| Nicholas Kemmer |
Physicist |
7-Dec-1911 |
21-Oct-1998 |
Nuclear weapons and reactors |
| John C. Kendrew |
Chemist |
24-Mar-1917 |
23-Aug-1997 |
Determined structure of myoglobin |
| Tom Kibble |
Mathematician |
1932 |
|
Zurek-Kibble theory |
| Aaron Klug |
Chemist |
11-Aug-1926 |
|
Structural analysis of viruses |
| Jeremy R. Knowles |
Business |
1935 |
|
Chemistry Professor, Harvard University |
| Donald E. Knuth |
Computer Programmer |
10-Jan-1938 |
|
The Art of Computer Programming |
| Walter Kohn |
Chemist |
9-Mar-1923 |
|
Density-functional theory |
| Arthur Kornberg |
Scientist |
3-Mar-1918 |
26-Oct-2007 |
Synthesized DNA |
| Hans Krebs |
Scientist |
25-Apr-1900 |
22-Nov-1981 |
Tricarboxylic acid cycle |
| August Krogh |
Scientist |
15-Nov-1874 |
13-Sep-1949 |
Discovered how capillaries regulate oxygen |
| Sir Harold Kroto |
Chemist |
7-Oct-1939 |
|
Co-Discovered first fullerene |
| Nicholas Kurti |
Physicist |
14-May-1908 |
24-Nov-1998 |
Molecular gastronomy |
| Edwin H. Land |
Inventor |
7-May-1909 |
1-Mar-1991 |
Polaroid Land Camera |
| Lev Landau |
Physicist |
22-Jan-1908 |
1-Apr-1968 |
Superfluidity of helium |
| Samuel P. Langley |
Astronomer |
22-Aug-1834 |
2-Feb-1906 |
Heavier-than-air flying machine |
| Max von Laue |
Physicist |
9-Oct-1879 |
23-Apr-1960 |
Diffraction of X-rays on crystals |
| Joshua Lederberg |
Biologist |
23-May-1925 |
2-Feb-2008 |
Genetic properties of bacteria |
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
Scientist |
24-Oct-1632 |
26-Aug-1723 |
Master of the Microscope |
| Gottfried Leibniz |
Mathematician |
1-Jul-1646 |
14-Nov-1716 |
Co-Inventor of calculus |
| Tullio Levi-Civita |
Mathematician |
29-Mar-1873 |
29-Dec-1941 |
Explored tensor calculus and PDE's |
| Edward B. Lewis |
Scientist |
20-May-1918 |
21-Jul-2004 |
Drosophila researcher, Nobel laureate |
| Frederick Lindemann |
Government |
5-Apr-1886 |
3-Jul-1957 |
Churchill's scientific and war advisor |
| Fritz Lipmann |
Scientist |
12-Jun-1899 |
24-Jul-1986 |
Carbohydrate oxidation |
| Joseph Lister |
Doctor |
5-Apr-1827 |
10-Feb-1912 |
Pioneer of antiseptic surgery |
| John Locke |
Philosopher |
29-Aug-1632 |
28-Oct-1704 |
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding |
| Otto Loewi |
Scientist |
3-Jun-1873 |
25-Dec-1961 |
Acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter |
| André Lwoff |
Scientist |
8-May-1902 |
30-Sep-1994 |
Operon theory of genetic control |
| Charles Lyell |
Geologist |
14-Nov-1797 |
22-Feb-1875 |
Principles of Geology |
| Donald Lynden-Bell |
Astronomer |
5-Apr-1935 |
|
Astrophysicist at Cambridge |
| John Macleod |
Scientist |
6-Sep-1876 |
16-Mar-1935 |
Helped discover insulin |
| George William Manby |
Inventor |
28-Nov-1765 |
18-Nov-1854 |
Invented the fire extinguisher |
| Peter Mansfield |
Scientist |
9-Oct-1933 |
|
Magnetic resonance imaging |
| Gideon Mantell |
Geologist |
3-Feb-1790 |
10-Nov-1852 |
English paleontologist and geologist |
| Rudolph A. Marcus |
Chemist |
21-Jul-1923 |
|
Electron-transfer reactions |
| George Perkins Marsh |
Author |
15-Mar-1801 |
23-Jul-1882 |
Ecologist and camel enthusiast |
| Archer J. P. Martin |
Chemist |
1-Mar-1910 |
28-Jul-2002 |
Partition chromatography |
| Charles Mason |
Astronomer |
Apr-1728 |
25-Oct-1786 |
Mason-Dixon Line |
| Harrie Massey |
Astronomer |
16-May-1908 |
27-Nov-1983 |
British National Committee for Space Research |
| Cotton Mather |
Religion |
12-Feb-1663 |
13-Feb-1728 |
Pastor at Boston North Church |
| Drummond Matthews |
Geologist |
5-Feb-1931 |
20-Jul-1997 |
Plate tectonics |
| Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis |
Astronomer |
28-Sep-1698 |
27-Jul-1759 |
Sur la figure de la terre |
| James Clerk Maxwell |
Physicist |
13-Jun-1831 |
5-Nov-1879 |
Maxwell's Equations |
| Julius Robert Mayer |
Physicist |
25-Nov-1814 |
20-Mar-1878 |
Studied thermodynamics |
| John Maynard Smith |
Biologist |
6-Jan-1920 |
19-Apr-2004 |
Applied game theory to evolutionary biology |
| William McDougall |
Psychologist |
22-Jun-1871 |
28-Nov-1938 |
An Introduction to Social Psychology |
| Ilya Mechnikov |
Scientist |
16-May-1845 |
16-Jul-1916 |
Researched the immune system |
| Lise Meitner |
Physicist |
7-Nov-1878 |
27-Oct-1968 |
Discovered Nuclear Fission |
| Macedonio Melloni |
Physicist |
11-Apr-1798 |
11-Aug-1854 |
Diathermancy |
| Kurt Mendelssohn |
Mathematician |
7-Jan-1906 |
18-Sep-1980 |
Cryogenics and pyramids |
| Otto Meyerhof |
Scientist |
12-Apr-1884 |
6-Oct-1951 |
Glycogen-lactic acid cycle |
| John Michell |
Geologist |
1724 |
21-Apr-1793 |
Phaenomena of Earthquakes |
| Albert A. Michelson |
Physicist |
19-Dec-1852 |
9-May-1931 |
Calculated the speed of light |
| César Milstein |
Scientist |
8-Oct-1927 |
24-Mar-2002 |
Hybridoma technique (monoclonal antibodies) |
| Peter Mitchell |
Chemist |
29-Sep-1920 |
10-Apr-1992 |
ADP to ATP conversion in mitochondia |
| Keith Moffatt |
Mathematician |
12-Apr-1935 |
|
Fluid dynamics |
| Abraham de Moivre |
Mathematician |
26-May-1667 |
27-Nov-1754 |
Doctrine of Chances |
| Jacques Monod |
Scientist |
9-Feb-1910 |
31-May-1976 |
Operon theory of genetic control |
| Philip Moon |
Physicist |
17-May-1907 |
9-Oct-1994 |
Gamma ray fluorescence |
| Simon Conway Morris |
Paleontologist |
1951 |
|
Evolutionary paleobiologist |
| Alexander Muirhead |
Physicist |
26-May-1848 |
13-Dec-1920 |
Submarine cable telegraphy |
| Robert S. Mulliken |
Chemist |
7-Jun-1896 |
31-Oct-1986 |
Studied molecular structure |
| Louis Néel |
Physicist |
22-Nov-1904 |
17-Nov-2000 |
Magnetic properties of solids |
| Simon Newcomb |
Astronomer |
12-Mar-1835 |
11-Jul-1909 |
Nautical Almanac |
| Isaac Newton |
Physicist |
4-Jan-1643 |
31-Mar-1727 |
Father of modern physics |
| Ronald G. W. Norrish |
Chemist |
9-Nov-1897 |
7-Jun-1978 |
Studied fast chemical reactions |
| Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard |
Scientist |
20-Oct-1942 |
|
Embryonic development of fruit flies |
| Georg Simon Ohm |
Physicist |
16-Mar-1789 |
6-Jul-1854 |
Ohm's Law |
| Mark Oliphant |
Physicist |
8-Oct-1901 |
14-Jul-2000 |
Deuterium reactions |
| Ernst J. Öpik |
Astronomer |
23-Oct-1893 |
10-Sep-1985 |
Andromeda Nebula |
| Sir James Paget |
Doctor |
11-Jan-1814 |
20-Dec-1899 |
Father of modern pathology |
| Denis Papin |
Inventor |
22-Aug-1647 |
c. 1712 |
Steam engine innovator |
| Wolfgang Pauli |
Physicist |
25-Apr-1900 |
15-Dec-1958 |
Pauli Exclusion Principle |
| George Peacock |
Mathematician |
9-Apr-1791 |
8-Nov-1858 |
Treatise on Algebra |
| Rudolf Peierls |
Physicist |
5-Jun-1907 |
19-Sep-1995 |
Frisch-Peierls Memorandum |
| Benjamin Peirce |
Mathematician |
4-Apr-1809 |
10-Jun-1880 |
Idempotent and nilpotent |
| Roger Penrose |
Mathematician |
8-Aug-1931 |
|
Cosmologist and theoretical physicist |
| Samuel Pepys |
Author |
23-Feb-1633 |
26-May-1703 |
London diarist |
| Jean Perrin |
Physicist |
30-Sep-1870 |
17-Apr-1942 |
Verified atomic nature of matter |
| Max F. Perutz |
Chemist |
19-May-1914 |
6-Feb-2002 |
X-Ray analysis of hemoglobin |
| John Pethica |
Physicist |
1953 |
|
Atomic force microscopy |
| Julius Plücker |
Mathematician |
16-Jul-1801 |
22-May-1868 |
Analytical geometry |
| John C. Polanyi |
Chemist |
23-Jan-1929 |
|
Infrared chemiluminescence |
| John A. Pople |
Chemist |
31-Oct-1925 |
15-Mar-2004 |
Quantum mechanics of molecules |
| Karl Popper |
Philosopher |
28-Jul-1902 |
17-Sep-1994 |
Critical Rationalist |
| George Porter |
Chemist |
6-Dec-1920 |
31-Aug-2002 |
Studied fast chemical reactions |
| Rodney R. Porter |
Scientist |
8-Oct-1917 |
6-Sep-1985 |
Chemical structure of antibodies |
| George H. Poste |
Biologist |
c. 1944 |
|
Health Technology Networks |
| Cecil Powell |
Physicist |
5-Dec-1903 |
9-Aug-1969 |
Discovered the pi-meson |
| Joseph Priestley |
Chemist |
13-Mar-1733 |
6-Feb-1804 |
Investigated gases, discovered Oxygen |
| Joseph Proudman |
Mathematician |
30-Dec-1888 |
26-Jun-1975 |
Tidal currents |
| Stanley B. Prusiner |
Scientist |
28-May-1942 |
|
Prions |
| Reginald Punnett |
Biologist |
20-Jun-1875 |
3-Jan-1967 |
Early geneticist |
| Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman |
Physicist |
7-Nov-1888 |
21-Nov-1970 |
Discovered the Raman Effect |
| Sir William Ramsay |
Chemist |
2-Oct-1852 |
23-Jul-1916 |
Discovered noble gases |
| C. N. R. Rao |
Chemist |
30-Jun-1934 |
|
Chemistry of superconductivity |
| Lord Rayleigh |
Physicist |
12-Nov-1842 |
30-Jun-1919 |
Discovered the element Argon |
| Martin Rees |
Astronomer |
23-Jun-1942 |
|
President of the Royal Society |
| Tadeus Reichstein |
Scientist |
20-Jul-1897 |
1-Aug-1996 |
Adrenocortical hormones |
| Owen Willans Richardson |
Physicist |
26-Apr-1879 |
15-Feb-1959 |
Electron emissions of metals |
| David Rittenhouse |
Astronomer |
8-Apr-1732 |
26-Jun-1796 |
Early Pennsylvania scientist and statesman |
| Sir Robert Robinson |
Chemist |
13-Sep-1886 |
8-Feb-1975 |
Researcher of alkaloids |
| Peter Mark Roget |
Author |
18-Jan-1779 |
12-Sep-1869 |
Roget's Thesaurus |
| Ronald Ross |
Doctor |
13-May-1857 |
16-Sep-1932 |
Discovered malaria parasite in mosquitoes |
| Joseph Rotblat |
Physicist |
4-Nov-1908 |
31-Aug-2005 |
Nuclear physicist, anti-nuke activist |
| Henry Augustus Rowland |
Physicist |
27-Nov-1848 |
16-Apr-1901 |
Studied optics, magnetism, etc. |
| Benjamin Count Rumford |
Scientist |
26-Mar-1753 |
21-Aug-1814 |
Established the Rumford Medal |
| Bertrand Russell |
Philosopher |
18-May-1872 |
2-Feb-1970 |
Mathematician, Atheist, and Social Critic |
| Henry Norris Russell |
Astronomer |
25-Oct-1877 |
18-Feb-1957 |
Giant stars and dwarfs |
| Ernest Rutherford |
Physicist |
30-Aug-1871 |
19-Oct-1937 |
Father of Nuclear Physics |
| Martin Ryle |
Astronomer |
27-Sep-1918 |
14-Oct-1984 |
Radio astronomer |
| Paul Sabatier |
Chemist |
5-Nov-1854 |
14-Aug-1941 |
Researcher of catalysis |
| Abdus Salam |
Physicist |
29-Jan-1926 |
21-Nov-1996 |
Electroweak Theory |
| Allan R. Sandage |
Astronomer |
18-Jun-1926 |
|
Quasars and Hubble-Sandage variable stars |
| Frederick Sanger |
Chemist |
13-Aug-1918 |
|
Determined sequencing of Insulin |
| Wallace Sargent |
Astronomer |
15-Feb-1935 |
|
Astrophysicist at CalTech |
| Martin Schwarzschild |
Astronomer |
31-May-1912 |
10-Apr-1997 |
Structure and Evolution of the Stars |
| Michael Seaton |
Astronomer |
16-Jun-1923 |
29-May-2007 |
Opacity Project |
| Nikolay Semyonov |
Chemist |
15-Apr-1896 |
25-Sep-1986 |
Researcher of chemical kinetics |
| Claude Shannon |
Scientist |
30-Apr-1916 |
24-Feb-2001 |
Pioneer in information theory |
| Charles Sherrington |
Doctor |
27-Nov-1857 |
4-Mar-1952 |
Neurons and synapses |
| David Shoenberg |
Physicist |
4-Jan-1911 |
10-Mar-2004 |
Physicist at Cambridge |
| Sir Hans Sloane |
Curator |
16-Apr-1660 |
11-Jan-1753 |
Started the British Museum collection |
| Adam Smith |
Economist |
5-Jun-1723 |
17-Jul-1790 |
Wealth of Nations |
| Oliver Smithies |
Scientist |
23-Jun-1925 |
|
Knock-out mice |
| James Smithson |
Chemist |
1765 |
27-Jun-1829 |
Chemist funded The Smithsonian Institution |
| Frederick Soddy |
Chemist |
2-Sep-1877 |
22-Sep-1956 |
Investigated radioactivity, isotopes |
| Arnold Sommerfeld |
Physicist |
5-Dec-1868 |
26-Apr-1951 |
Fine-structure constant |
| Roger W. Sperry |
Scientist |
20-Aug-1913 |
17-Apr-1994 |
"Split brain" hemispheric neurophysiology |
| Robert Stephenson |
Engineer |
16-Oct-1803 |
12-Oct-1859 |
Builder of railroad bridges |
| Ian Stewart |
Mathematician |
c. 1945 |
|
Catastrophe theory |
| George Gabriel Stokes |
Physicist |
13-Aug-1819 |
1-Feb-1903 |
Fluid dynamicist, optic waves |
| William Stukeley |
Historian |
7-Nov-1687 |
3-Mar-1765 |
Stonehenge, a Temple Restored |
| Eduard Suess |
Geologist |
20-Aug-1831 |
26-Apr-1914 |
Das Antlitz der Erde |
| John E. Sulston |
Scientist |
27-Mar-1942 |
|
Genetic regulation of organ development |
| Sir Joseph Wilson Swan |
Physicist |
31-Oct-1828 |
27-May-1914 |
Light bulb, photographic printing |
| Richard L. M. Synge |
Chemist |
28-Oct-1914 |
18-Aug-1994 |
Partition chromatography |
| Terence Tao |
Mathematician |
17-Jul-1975 |
|
Prolific math prodigy |
| Henry Taube |
Chemist |
30-Nov-1915 |
16-Nov-2005 |
Oxygen-reduction processes |
| Brook Taylor |
Mathematician |
18-Aug-1685 |
29-Dec-1731 |
Calculus of Finite Differences |
| Thomas Telford |
Engineer |
9-Aug-1757 |
2-Sep-1834 |
Scottish canal, bridge, and road builder |
| Hugo Theorell |
Scientist |
6-Jul-1903 |
15-Aug-1982 |
Oxidation enzymes |
| D'Arcy Thompson |
Biologist |
2-May-1860 |
21-Jun-1948 |
On Growth and Form |
| George Paget Thomson |
Physicist |
3-May-1892 |
10-Sep-1975 |
Diffraction of electrons |
| J. J. Thomson |
Physicist |
18-Dec-1856 |
30-Aug-1940 |
Discovered the electron |
| Shirley M. Tilghman |
Educator |
17-Sep-1946 |
|
President of Princeton University |
| Stephen Timoshenko |
Engineer |
23-Dec-1878 |
29-May-1972 |
Mechanical engineering professor at Stanford |
| Alexander R. Todd |
Chemist |
2-Oct-1907 |
10-Jan-1997 |
Studied nucleotides, ATP, etc |
| John Townsend |
Mathematician |
7-Jun-1868 |
16-Feb-1957 |
Electron's charge |
| G. M. Trevelyan |
Historian |
16-Feb-1876 |
21-Jul-1962 |
England under Queen Anne |
| Edward Troughton |
Inventor |
Oct-1753 |
12-Jun-1835 |
Early scientific instruments |
| Roger Y. Tsien |
Scientist |
1-Feb-1952 |
|
Green Fluorescent Protein |
| Herbert Hall Turner |
Astronomer |
13-Aug-1861 |
20-Aug-1930 |
Stellar positions |
| Edward Tylor |
Anthropologist |
2-Oct-1832 |
2-Jan-1917 |
Founder of cultural anthropology |
| Harold C. Urey |
Chemist |
29-Apr-1893 |
5-Jan-1981 |
Discovered Deuterium |
| John H. van Vleck |
Physicist |
13-Mar-1899 |
27-Oct-1980 |
Quantum mechanics of magnetism |
| John R. Vane |
Scientist |
29-Mar-1927 |
19-Nov-2004 |
Prostaglandins |
| John E. Walker |
Chemist |
7-Jan-1941 |
|
ATP process |
| John Wallis |
Mathematician |
23-Nov-1616 |
28-Oct-1703 |
Arithmetica Infinitorum |
| Otto Warburg |
Scientist |
8-Oct-1883 |
1-Aug-1970 |
Effect of oxygen on cancer |
| James Watt |
Inventor |
19-Jan-1736 |
19-Aug-1819 |
Invented modern steam engine |
| Wilhelm Weber |
Physicist |
24-Oct-1804 |
23-Jun-1891 |
Student of electromagnetism |
| Steven Weinberg |
Physicist |
3-May-1933 |
|
Electroweak Theory |
| Arthur Wellesley |
Military |
1-May-1769 |
14-Sep-1852 |
1st Duke of Wellington |
| Charles Wheatstone |
Physicist |
6-Feb-1802 |
19-Oct-1875 |
Inventor of the telegraph |
| Alfred North Whitehead |
Mathematician |
15-Feb-1861 |
30-Dec-1947 |
Metaphysical mathematician |
| Eugene Wigner |
Physicist |
17-Nov-1902 |
1-Jan-1995 |
Law of conservation of parity |
| Andrew Wiles |
Mathematician |
11-Apr-1953 |
|
Proved Fermat's Last Theorem |
| John Wilkes |
Politician |
17-Oct-1725 |
26-Dec-1797 |
Colorful London radical |
| John Wilkins |
Author |
1614 |
19-Nov-1672 |
Essay towards a Real Character |
| Geoffrey Wilkinson |
Chemist |
14-Jul-1921 |
26-Sep-1996 |
Organometallic sandwich compounds |
| C. T. R. Wilson |
Physicist |
14-Feb-1869 |
15-Nov-1959 |
Invented the Wilson cloud chamber |
| Edward O. Wilson |
Biologist |
10-Jun-1929 |
|
Father of Sociobiology |
| William Hyde Wollaston |
Chemist |
6-Aug-1766 |
22-Dec-1828 |
Discovered palladium, rhodium |
| Robert B. Woodward |
Chemist |
10-Apr-1917 |
8-Jul-1979 |
Synthesized cholesterol, Vitamin B12, etc. |
| Christopher Wren |
Architect |
20-Oct-1632 |
25-Feb-1723 |
Designed St. Paul's Cathedral |
| John Zachary Young |
Zoologist |
18-Mar-1907 |
4-Jul-1997 |
British zoological neurologist |
| John Winthrop the Younger |
Politician |
12-Feb-1606 |
5-Apr-1676 |
Governor of Colonial Connecticut |
| Karl Ziegler |
Chemist |
26-Nov-1898 |
12-Aug-1973 |
Researcher in plastics |
